Metro to be planned in Gurugram and Faridabad?

Benefits to everyday commuters

In terms of energy usage, space occupancy, and the number of passengers transported, the Metro Rail System has shown to be the most efficient. Carriers with large capacity – very high numbers of peak hour peak direction trips. Environmental friendly — produces no air pollution and significantly less noise pollution. Low energy consumption – 20% per passenger-km in comparison to road-based systems. Increased traffic capacity – transports as much traffic as seven bus lanes or twenty-four automobile lanes (either way). Requires very little ground space — simply a 2-meter width for elevated rail.
• Faster - cuts travel time in half to seventy percent.

Social Cost-Benefit of Metro

The increased demand for public transportation in megacities has major consequences for urban ecosystems, particularly in terms of increased air pollution and changes in land-use patterns. An environmentally sustainable urban transportation system might be achieved by the use of environmentally friendly fuels and land-use patterns, as well as an appropriate balance of alternative modes of transportation. The use of compressed natural gas in certain automobiles, as well as the shift of certain transportation demand to the metro rail, has resulted in a major reduction in air pollution in the city. Air pollution is reduced, passengers save time, accidents are reduced, traffic congestion is reduced, and fuel is saved thanks to the Metro. A multitude of economic agents, including the government, private transporters, passengers, the general public, and unskilled labour, will see incremental advantages and costs. Metro's social cost-benefit analysis attempts to quantify all of these advantages and costs. For a study commissioned by the Planning Commission of India and conducted at the Institute of Economic Growth, estimates of the project's social benefits and costs were calculated using The social time preference rate, as well as the shadow prices of investment, foreign exchange, and unskilled labour were recently assessed for the Industry in India. The financial internal rate of return on Metro investments is expected to be 17%, while the economic rate of return is estimated to be 24%. The economic rate of return has grown by 1.4 percent after accounting for advantages from reduced urban air pollution owing to the Metro.

Identification of Metro's Economic Benefits and Costs

Description of economic benefits and costs of the Delhi Metro requires the identification of the changes brought out by it in the transport sector of the economy. Most importantly, DM contributes to the diversion of a very high proportion of current passenger traffic from road to Metro and serves part of the growing passenger traffic demand in Delhi. As a result, there will be a reduction in the number of buses, passenger cars, and other vehicles carrying passengers on Delhi roads with the introduction of the Metro. There will be savings in travel time for passengers still traveling on roads due to reduced congestion and also for those traveling by Metro. The Metro also brings about a reduction in air pollution in Delhi because of the substitution of electricity for petrol and diesel and reduced congestion on the roads. There will also be a reduction in the number of accidents on the roads. Investment in the Metro could result in the reduction of government investments in road developments and buses as also in the private sector investment on buses, passenger cars, and other vehicles carrying passengers. Both the government and the private sector will see reductions in motor vehicle operation and maintenance costs. There could be cost savings to passenger car owners in terms of capital cost and operation and maintenance costs of cars if they switch over from road to Metro for travel in Delhi. The farebox revenue collections by Metro will be at the cost of the revenue, accruing earlier to private and the government bus operators, and hence constitutes a loss in income.

The public will gain substantially with the introduction of the Metro service. It saves travel time due to a reduction of congestion on the roads and lower travel time of the Metro. The public will benefit from reduced pollution from the transportation industry in terms of health and other environmental factors. Land and house property owners gain from the increased valuation of house property prices due to the Metro. The Metro has the effect of increasing the income of the regional economy of the metro city vis a vis the rest of the Indian economy. Given that the per capita income of the metro city is far higher than the national per capita income, the redistribution of income in favour of the metro city may not be desirable from the point of view of income distribution in the Indian economy. The Metro provides employment benefits to the unskilled labour especially during its 9-construction period